The founding of Later Baekje in 900 by Gyeon Hwon is a pivotal event that showcases the dynamism of local forces seeking to establish a new order amidst the extreme chaos of the late Silla period. **Historical Background:** By the late 9th century, Silla's central government had lost its grip, and local strongmen (hojok) were establishing independent power bases, leading to a state of near anarchy. The southwestern coastal regions, in particular, were plagued by maritime forces and bandit groups, causing widespread public unrest. The deepening contradictions of Silla's rigid bone-rank system and a series of peasant uprisings accelerated the nation's decline. Amidst this backdrop, the remnants of the Baekje people yearned for the restoration of their ancient kingdom, providing a crucial justification for Gyeon Hwon's establishment of Later Baekje. **Main Events and Process:** Gyeon Hwon, originally from Gaeun-hyeon in Sangju (present-day Mungyeong), served as a Silla military officer in the southwestern region, where his exceptional military talents were recognized. Seizing the opportunity presented by the prevailing chaos, he began to gather followers and expand his influence. In 892, he captured Mujinju (present-day Gwangju), establishing an independent power base. He gradually brought former Baekje territories under his control. Then, in 900, he established his capital in Wansanju (present-day Jeonju), the former capital of Baekje. Rallying the support of the Baekje people and invoking the restoration of Baekje's glory, he formally declared the founding of Later Baekje. This act was a direct challenge to Silla and an ambitious attempt to revive the splendor of the ancient Baekje kingdom. **Historical Significance and Aftermath:** Later Baekje became one of the three major kingdoms during the Later Three Kingdoms period, fiercely contending with Silla and Taebong (Later Goguryeo). Gyeon Hwon, with his formidable military strength, pressured Silla and engaged in intense power struggles with Wang Geon's Goryeo. The founding of Later Baekje complicated the process of peninsular unification and ultimately formed a crucial backdrop for Goryeo's eventual unification of the Later Three Kingdoms. Although Later Baekje lasted only about 40 years before its demise, it is regarded as a significant historical event, symbolizing the dynamism of local forces striving to build a new nation amidst the chaos of late Silla and the enduring spirit of the Baekje restoration movement.